Short answer: I don't know, probably yes but the box won't be enough

Long answer: this is exactly the same problem I have... a Sunrise Zyxel router stuck in the cupboard next to the electrical panel.
It gets quite hot and the WiFi coverage is not quite satisfactory.
In theory it should work because it's just a media converter, and fibre unless I'm mistaken it's just Ethernet on a different physical medium...

BUT: I don't think it gets to the 10Gbit/s I have. They're totally useless, but since I got a good discount for this connection, why put a cap on me at 1Gb/s? :-)
As Tripod says, the SFP module of the Sunrise router must be compatible with the TP-Link. For mine it looked OK, but you have to look at it because they don't necessarily give the same models.
And finally, my Sunrise router does not have the Ethernet WAN port. The only WAN is the SFP, so I'll have to buy an SFP module for RJ45 (copper)... and it must be compatible with the Sunrise router, to make the last end in RJ45.
A bit like this one, but you need to find a compatible model: Ubiquiti UF-RJ45-10G - SFP+ 10 Gbit/s transceiver module, SFP+ to RJ45

In the end, I still have this router in the wardrobe and I was thinking of just putting an Access Point next to the TV, to improve the Wifi...

Hello. What would be the advantage of taking the Sunrise box out of the cupboard? It's elegant to have one less device next to the TV.
However, if the Sunrise box has an Ethernet WAN port, you could put the media converter in the cabinet and the box next to the TV. I don't know if the SFP module in the Sunrise box is compatible with the TP-Link converter.